Why Cloud Lock-In Is a Geopolitical Risk

Martin Kleppmann analyzes the emerging geopolitical risks of US cloud dependency for European companies, explaining how extraterritorial US law and physical infrastructure threats (drone attacks on data centers) create real lockout scenarios. He explores multi-cloud architectures as mitigation, the power of de facto API standards (S3, Postgres, Kafka) for portability, and emerging technologies like AT Protocol and local-first software that shift control back to users. Targeted at software architects and engineers concerned about technological sovereignty.